机械毕业设计-机械论文-螺旋式压榨机设计说明书

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摘要

相较于溶剂浸出法，使用机械压榨法加工出来的食用油无化学残留，更符合现代

消费者对天然食品的需求。采用机械压榨法的机器主要为液压式榨油机、螺旋式榨油

机，螺旋式榨油机是目前机械压榨加工油脂的主流设备。本课题基于市场需求，设计

了一种采用单螺杆压榨结构的榨油机，占地面积小，使用成本低，制造和后期维护成

本低。本设计主要完成以下工作：

(1) 综合梳理了现代食用植物油提取工艺的技术原理及工艺方法，比较了机械压榨

法和溶剂浸出法的优劣，得出使用机械压榨法榨油更符合现代人对纯天然食品的追求；

(2) 分析了螺旋榨油机关键部分榨螺的各种不同结构特性优势和局限性，最终选单

螺杆套装式榨螺；

(3) 根据设计要求结合实际情况，提出了榨油机的设计原则，确定榨油机整体设计

方案，由任务要求的榨油机产量 50kg/h，经过理论计算以及结合他人研究成果，完成

榨螺结构、传动系统、机架等关键部件的设计选型；根据 B.A.麦司利柯夫压缩比公式，

先求解各节榨螺理论压缩比，进而推导出各节榨螺的关键尺寸参数（包括外径、根圆

直径、螺距等），根据计算设计的榨螺尺寸同步设计了与之相匹配的榨腔的结构、进

料口、出油口和排渣口；再根据榨油机所需动力设计了传动系统，进行了电机、带传

动和轴承的选型，并经过设计和校核，计算得到了符合强度要求的主轴的结构尺寸。

关键词：螺旋压榨；单螺杆压榨机；榨螺；传动系统

Abstract

Compared with solvent extraction, edible oil processed by mechanical pressing has no

chemical residues and better meets modern consumers' demand for natural food. The

machines mainly used in mechanical pressing are hydraulic oil presses and screw oil presses.

The screw oil press is currently the mainstream equipment for mechanical pressing of oils.

Based on market demand, this project designs an oil press with a single-screw pressing

structure, which has a small floor area, low usage cost, and low manufacturing and

maintenance costs. This design mainly accomplishes the following tasks.:

(1) The technical principles and process methods of modern edible plant oil extraction

are comprehensively reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of mechanical pressing

and solvent extraction are compared. It is concluded that mechanical pressing is more in line

with modern people's pursuit of pure natural food.

(2) The advantages and limitations of various structural characteristics of the key part of

the screw oil press, the screw, are analyzed. Finally, a single-screw set screw is selected.

(3) Based on the design requirements and the actual situation, the design principles of

the oil press were proposed, and the overall design scheme of the oil press was determined.

According to the required output of 50kg/h of the oil press, the key components such as the

screw structure, transmission system, and frame were designed and selected through

theoretical calculations and in combination with the research results of others. According to

the B.A. Maslyakov compression ratio formula, the theoretical compression ratios of each

section of the screw were solved first, and then the key dimension parameters of each section

of the screw (including outer diameter, root circle diameter, pitch, etc.) were derived.

According to the calculated screw dimensions, the structure of the pressing chamber, the feed

port, the oil outlet, and the residue outlet were designed synchronously. Then, the

transmission system was designed based on the required power of the oil press, and the motor,

belt drive, and bearings were selected. After design and verification, the structural dimensions

of the main shaft that met the strength requirements were calculated.

Key words：Screw press；Single screw press；Wring bolt;；Transmission system

目    录
引言....................................................................................................................1
1 研究背景...............................................................................................................................1
2 研究意义...............................................................................................................................2
3 机械压榨法榨油机的类型及特点.......................................................................................2
4 国内外螺旋榨油机研究现状...............................................................................................2
4.1 国外研究现状....................................................................................................................3
4.2 国内研究现状....................................................................................................................4
5 本课题主要研究内容...........................................................................................................6
6 本章小结...............................................................................................................................6
螺旋榨油机总体设计........................................................................................6
1 设计要求...............................................................................................................................6
2 总体设计方案.......................................................................................................................7
2.1 设计原则............................................................................................................................7
2.2 螺旋榨油机榨螺选择........................................................................................................7
3 榨油机工作原理...................................................................................................................9
4 本章小结.............................................................................................................................10
压榨部分结构设计..........................................................................................10
1 计算榨螺压缩比.................................................................................................................10
2 榨螺空余体积的计算.........................................................................................................11
3 榨螺尺寸结构.....................................................................................................................12
4 榨腔设计.............................................................................................................................16
5 压榨时间.............................................................................................................................17
6 进料口设计.........................................................................................................................18

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摘要：

摘要相较于溶剂浸出法，使用机械压榨法加工出来的食用油无化学残留，更符合现代消费者对天然食品的需求。采用机械压榨法的机器主要为液压式榨油机、螺旋式榨油机，螺旋式榨油机是目前机械压榨加工油脂的主流设备。本课题基于市场需求，设计了一种采用单螺杆压榨结构的榨油机，占地面积小，使用成本低，制造和后期维护成本低。本设计主要完成以下工作：(1)综合梳理了现代食用植物油提取工艺的技术原理及工艺方法，比较了机械压榨法和溶剂浸出法的优劣，得出使用机械压榨法榨油更符合现代人对纯天然食品的追求；(2)分析了螺旋榨油机关键部分榨螺的各种不同结构特性优势和局限性，最终选单螺杆套装式榨螺；(3)根据设计要求结合实际情况，提...

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