机械毕业设计-机械论文-苹果智能去皮机设计

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苹果智能去皮机设计

设计总说明：本次毕业设计以改进当前水果去皮设备为核心目标，聚焦苹果削皮机的

设计研发。项目背景源于大众生活品质提升背景下，消费者对苹果鲜食与加工需求持续攀

升，而传统手工去皮效率低下、劳动强度大，现有设备又普遍存在体积庞大、便携性差、

刀具更换繁琐及削皮精度不足等问题，因此研发一款智能苹果削皮机对提升果蔬加工机械

化水平、降低生产成本具有重要的现实意义。设计内容涵盖国内外技术调研、总体方案设

计、传动系统参数计算、驱动电机选型、齿轮传动与轴类零件设计、刀具刀架结构规划及

控制系统开发，全程采用理论计算与SolidWorks模型分析的方法，运用MATLAB进行强度校

核，利用Altium Designer开发控制电路，通过PLC编程实现自动化控制。最终成果为智能

苹果削皮机样机一台，以"简约高效、紧凑轻量化、运行可靠"为设计准则，兼具操作简便

性与显著经济效益；但机器视觉识别精度及复杂形状水果的适应性仍有提升空间。该设备

适用于中小型果蔬加工企业、餐饮连锁及家庭农场，随着智能制造技术深度融合，未来可

向多品种水果自适应去皮方向拓展，市场前景广阔。

关键词：苹果削皮机；自动；结构；设计

Apple's intelligent peeling machine design

General Design Description: This graduation project aims to improve the current fruit peeling

e q u i p m e n t a s i t s c o r e o b j e c t i v e , f o c u s i n g o n t h e d e s i g n a n d d e v e l o p m e n t o f a n a p p l e p e e l e r . T h e p r o j e c t

b ackg r o u n d s t e m s f r o m t h e f a c t t h a t , u n d e r t h e b a c k d r o p o f t h e i m p r o v e m e n t o f p e o p l e ' s l i v i n g s t a n d a r d s ,

consumers' demand for fresh apple consumption and processing has been continuously increasing. However,

t r a d i t i o n a l m a n u a l p e e l i n g i s i n e f f i c i e n t a n d l a b o r - i n t e n s i v e , a n d t h e e x i s t i n g e q u i p m e n t g e n e r a l l y h a s

p r o b l e m s s u c h a s l a r g e s i z e , p o o r p o r t a b i l i t y , c u m b e r s o m e k n i f e r e p l a c e m e n t , a n d i n s u f f i c i e n t p e e l i n g

accuracy. Therefore, developing an intelligent apple peeler has significant practical significance for enhancing

t h e m e c h a n i z a t i o n l e v e l o f f r u i t p r o c e s s i n g a n d r e d u c i n g p r o d u c t i o n c o s t s . T h e d e s i g n c o n t e n t i n c l u d e s

d o m e s t i c a n d i n t e r n a t i o n a l t e c h n i c a l r e s e a r c h , o v e r a l l s c h e m e d e s i g n , c a l c u l a t i o n o f t r a n s m i s s i o n s y s t e m

parameters, selection of drive motors, design of gear transmission and shaft parts, planning of knife and knife

h o l d e r s t r u c t u r e , a n d d e v e l o p m e n t o f c o n t r o l s y s t e m . T h e e n t i r e p r o c e s s a d o p t s t h e m e t h o d s o f t h e o r e t i c a l

calculation and SolidWorks model analysis, uses MATLAB for strength verification, utilizes Altium Designer

to develop control circuits, and implements automatic control through PLC programming. The final outcome

i s a n i n t e l l i g e n t a p p l e p e e l e r p r o t o t y p e . T h e d e s i g n c r i t e r i a a r e " s i m p l i c i t y a n d e f f i c i e n c y , c o m p a c t a n d

lightweight, reliable operation", and it also has the advantages of simple operation and significant economic

bene f i t s. Ho w ever, t he r e is s till r oom f o r i mp r ovem e nt i n t he m a c hin e visio n rec o g nit i o n acc u r a cy a n d th e

adaptability to complex-shaped fruits. This equipment is suitable for small and medium-sized fruit processing

e n t e r p r i s e s , r e s t a u r a n t c h a i n s , a n d f a m i l y f a r m s . W i t h t h e d e e p i n t e g r a t i o n o f i n t e l l i g e n t m a n u f a c t u r i n g

technology, it can expand in the direction of adaptive peeling for multiple varieties of fruits in the future, and

has broad market prospects.

Key words: Apple peeler; Automatic; Structure; Design

3
目  录
第1章  绪论..................................................................................................................................1
1.1  苹果去皮机研究现状...............................................................2
1.1.1 国外研究现状...................................................................2
1.1.2 国内研究现状...................................................................2
1.2  苹果去皮机存在的问题.............................................................3
1.3 设计目的..........................................................................3
第2章  苹果削皮机总体方案......................................................................................................4
2.1  方案构思.........................................................................4
2.1.1  设计特点......................................................................4
2.1.2  设计难点......................................................................4
22  方案设计..........................................................................4
第3章 苹果削皮机传动设计........................................................................................................7
3.1  电动机的选型.....................................................................7
3.1.1  电动机的功率..................................................................7
3.1.2  电机的转速....................................................................8
3.2  齿轮传动设计.....................................................................9
3.3  高速轴的设计与校核..............................................................13
3.3.1  高速轴的设计.................................................................13
3.3.2  高速轴轴的校核...............................................................14
第4章  固定架的设计................................................................................................................17
4.1  材料的选择......................................................................17
4.2  弹簧的设计......................................................................18
4.2.1  材料选择.....................................................................18
4.2.2  弹簧选择.....................................................................19
4.2.3  弹簧的校核...................................................................19
第5章  刀架及刀片的设计........................................................................................................21
5.1  刀架材料的选择..................................................................21
5.2  刀片的设计......................................................................21
5.3  刀片的材料的选择................................................................22
第6章  机体外壳的设计............................................................................................................24
6.1  机体外壳材料选择................................................................24
6.3 机体外壳设计要求.................................................................26
7 结 论.........................................................................................................................................28
参考文献......................................................................................................................................29
致  谢..........................................................................................................................................31
附录A ..........................................................................................................................................32
A1.机体底盖..........................................................................32

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摘要：

1苹果智能去皮机设计设计总说明：本次毕业设计以改进当前水果去皮设备为核心目标，聚焦苹果削皮机的设计研发。项目背景源于大众生活品质提升背景下，消费者对苹果鲜食与加工需求持续攀升，而传统手工去皮效率低下、劳动强度大，现有设备又普遍存在体积庞大、便携性差、刀具更换繁琐及削皮精度不足等问题，因此研发一款智能苹果削皮机对提升果蔬加工机械化水平、降低生产成本具有重要的现实意义。设计内容涵盖国内外技术调研、总体方案设计、传动系统参数计算、驱动电机选型、齿轮传动与轴类零件设计、刀具刀架结构规划及控制系统开发，全程采用理论计算与SolidWorks模型分析的方法，运用MATLAB进行强度校核，利用AltiumD...

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