搅拌性能比较单轴和双轴搅拌机（有出处）--中英文翻译

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外文资料与中文翻译

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Comparing mixing performance of uniaxial and biaxial bin blenders

Amit Mehrotra and Fernando J. Muzzio

Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers

University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, United States

Received 17 February 2009;

revised 30 May 2009;

accepted 14 June 2009.

Available online 27 June 2009.

Abstract

The dynamics involved in powder mixing remains a topic of interest

for many researchers; however the theory still remains

underdeveloped. Most of the mixers are still designed and scaled up on

empirical basis. In many industries, including pharmaceutical, the

majority of blending is performed using “tumbling mixers”. Tumbling

mixers are hollow containers which are partially loaded with materials

and rotated for some number of revolutions. Some common examples

include horizontal drum mixers, v- blenders, double cone blenders

and bin blenders. In all these mixers while homogenization in the

direction of rotation is fast, mediated by a convective mixing process,

mixing in the horizontal (axial) direction, driven by a dispersive

process, is often much slower. In this paper, we experimentally

investigate a new tumbling mixer that rotates with respect to two axes:

a horizontal axis (tumbling motion), and a central symmetry axis

(spinning motion). A detailed study is conducted on mixing

performance of powders and the effect of critical fundamental

parameters including blender geometry, speed, fill level, presence of

baffles, loading pattern, and axis of rotation. In this work

Acetaminophen is used as the active pharmaceutical ingredient and the

formulation contains commonly used excipients such as Avicel and

Lactose. The mixing efficiency is characterized by extracting samples

after pre-determined number of revolutions, and analyzing them using

Near Infrared Spectroscopy to determine compositional distribution.

Results show the importance of process variables including the axis of

rotation on homogeneity of powder blends.

Graphical abstract

The dynamics involved in powder mixing remains a topic of interest

for many researchers; however the theory still remains

underdeveloped. Most of the mixers are still designed and scaled up on

empirical basis. In many industries, including pharmaceutical, the

majority of blending is performed using “tumbling mixers”. In all

these mixers while homogenization in the direction of rotation is fast,

mediated by a convective mixing process, mixing in the horizontal

(axial) direction, driven by a dispersive process, is often much slower.

In this paper, we experimentally investigate a new tumbling mixer that

rotates with respect to two axes: a horizontal axis (tumbling motion),

and a central symmetry axis (spinning motion).

Keywords:Powder mixing ; Cohesion; Blender ; Mixer; Relative

standard deviation; NIR; Acetaminophen

Article Outline

Introduction

Materials and methods

2.1. Near infrared spectroscopy

2.2. Bin blenders used in this study: uni-axial blender (Blender 1), bi-

axial blender (Blender 2)

2.3. Experimental method

Results

Conclusion

References

1. Introduction

Particle blending is a required step in a variety of applications

spanning the ceramic, food, glass, metallurgical, polymers, and

pharmaceuticals industries. Despite the long history of dry solids

mixing (or perhaps because of it), comparatively little is known of the

mechanisms involved [1], [2] and [3]. A common type of batch

industrial mixer is the tumbling blender, where grains flow by a

combination of gravity and vessel rotation. Although the tumbling

blender is a very common device, mixing and segregation

mechanisms in these devices are not fully understood and the design of

blending equipment is largely based on empirical methods. Tumblers

are the most common batch mixers in industry, and also find use in

myriad of application as dryers, kilns, coaters, mills and granulators

[4], [5], [6], [7] and [8]. While free-flowing materials in rotating

drums have been extensively studied [9] and [10], cohesive granular

flows in these systems are still not completely understood. Little is

known about the effect of fundamental parameters such as blender

geometry, speed, fill level, presence of baffles, loading pattern and axis

of rotation on mixing performance of cohesive powders or the scaling

requirements of the devices.

However, conventional tumblers, rotating around a horizontal axis, all

share an important characteristic: while homogenization in the

direction of rotation is fast, mediated by a convective mixing process,

mixing in the horizontal (axial) direction, driven by a dispersive

process, is often much slower.

In this paper, we experimentally investigate a new tumbling mixer that

rotates with respect to two axes: a horizontal axis (tumbling motion),

and a central symmetry axis (spinning motion). We examine the effects

of fill level, mixing time, loading pattern and axis of rotation on the

mixing performance of a free-flowing matrix of Fast Flo lactose and

Avicel 102, containing a moderately cohesive API, micronized

Acetaminophen. We use extensive sampling to characterize mixing

by tracking the evolution of Acetaminophen homogeneity using a Near

Infrared spectroscopy detection method. After materials and methods

are described in Section 2, results are presented in Section 3, followed

by conclusions and recommendations, which are presented in Section

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附录：外文资料与中文翻译外文资料：ComparingmixingperformanceofuniaxialandbiaxialbinblendersAmitMehrotraandFernandoJ.MuzzioDepartmentofChemicalandBiochemicalEngineering,RutgersUniversity,Piscataway,NJ,08855,UnitedStatesReceived17February2009;revised30May2009;accepted14June2009.Availableonline27June2009.AbstractThedyn...

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