结构设计--中英文翻译

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外文翻译

结构设计

Augustine J.Fredrich

摘要：结构设计是选择材料和构件类型，大小和形状以安全有用的样式

承担荷载。一般说来，结构设计暗指结构物如建筑物和桥或是可移动但有刚性外

壳如船体和飞机框架的工厂稳定性。设计的移动时彼此相连的设备（连接件），

一般被安排在机械设计领域。

关键词：结构设计；结构分析；结构方案；工程要求

Abstract: Structure design is the selection of materials and member type ,size,

and configuration to carry loads in a safe and serviceable fashion .In

general ,structural design implies the engineering of stationary objects such as

buildings and bridges ,or objects that maybe mobile but have a rigid shape such as

ship hulls and aircraft frames. Devices with parts planned to move with relation to

each other(linkages) are generally assigned to the area of mechanical .

Key words: Structure Design ； Structural analysis ；structural scheme ；

Project requirements

Structure Design

Structural design involved at least five distinct phases of work: project

requirements, materials, structural scheme, analysis, and design. For unusual

structures or materials a six phase, testing, should be included. These phases do not

proceed in a rigid progression , since different materials can be most effective in

different schemes , testing can result in change to a design , and a final design is often

reached by starting with a rough estimated design , then looping through several

cycles of analysis and redesign . Often, several alternative designs will prove quite

close in cost, strength, and serviceability. The structural engineer, owner, or end user

would then make a selection based on other considerations.

Project requirements. Before starting design, the structural engineer must

determine the criteria for acceptable performance. The loads or forces to be resisted

must be provided. For specialized structures, this may be given directly, as when

supporting a known piece of machinery, or a crane of known capacity. For

conventional buildings, buildings codes adopted on a municipal, county , or , state

level provide minimum design requirements for live loads (occupants and

furnishings , snow on roofs , and so on ). The engineer will calculate dead loads

(structural and known, permanent installations ) during the design process.

For the structural to be serviceable or useful , deflections must also be kept

within limits ,since it is possible for safe structural to be uncomfortable “bounce”

Very tight deflection limits are set on supports for machinery , since beam sag can

cause drive shafts to bend , bearing to burn out , parts to misalign , and overhead

cranes to stall . Limitations of sag less than span /1000 ( 1/1000 of the beam length )

are not uncommon . In conventional buildings, beams supporting ceilings often have

sag limits of span /360 to avoid plaster cracking, or span /240 to avoid occupant

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摘要：

外文翻译结构设计结构设计AugustineJ.Fredrich摘要：结构设计是选择材料和构件类型，大小和形状以安全有用的样式承担荷载。一般说来，结构设计暗指结构物如建筑物和桥或是可移动但有刚性外壳如船体和飞机框架的工厂稳定性。设计的移动时彼此相连的设备（连接件），一般被安排在机械设计领域。关键词：结构设计；结构分析；结构方案；工程要求Abstract:Structuredesignistheselectionofmaterialsandmembertype,size,andconfigurationtocarryloadsinasafeandserviceablefashion.Ingener...

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