AT89C51单片机作为系统的核心电梯控制系统的设计

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摘要

科技的不断进步改变了人们的生活，随着科学技术的发展和时代的进步，越来越多

的单片机技术和传感器的技术，应用到了人们的生产生活中。本系统是一种电梯控制系

统的设计，本设计是以AT89C51单片机作为系统的核心，设计按键输入模块来输入楼层，

利用数码管进行显示当前的楼层，同时通过12个LED组成箭头形状来实现对电梯上下的指

示，通过步进电机的转动来模拟电梯的上下，另外通过语音模块来播报当前的楼层，起

到提示作用。在安全性方面，本设计中，设计了一个独立按键，当用户乘坐电梯出现异

常的时候，如果按下这个按键，就会发出蜂鸣器报警。通过该设计之后，系统具有较高

的实用性和电梯设计参考意义。

关键词：单片机；按键；数码管；步进电机；语音播报

Abstract

The continuous progress of science and technology has changed people's life. With the

development of science and technology and the progress of the times, more and more single-

chip technology and sensor technology have been applied to people's production and life. This

s y s t e m i s a k i n d o f e l e v a t o r c o n t r o l s y s t e m d e s i g n , t h i s d e s i g n t a k e s AT 8 9 C 5 1 s i n g l e c h i p

microcomputer as the core of the system, designs the key input module to input the floor, uses

the di gi tal tu be to di splay the current fl oor, at t he same time uses 12 led to form the arrow

shape to realize the up and down indication of the elevator, simulates the up and down of the

elevator through the rotation of the stepping motor, and broadcasts through the voice module

R e p o r t t h e c u r r e n t f l o o r t o g i v e a p r o m p t . I n t e r m s o f s a f e t y, t h i s d e s i g n h a s d e s i g n e d a n

independent key, when the user takes the elevator, if the key is pressed, the buzzer will give an

a l a r m . A f t e r t h e d e s i g n , t h e s y s t e m h a s h i g h p r a c t i c a b i l i t y a n d e l e v a t o r d e s i g n r e f e r e n c e

significance.

Key words：Single chip microcomputer; key; digital tube; step motor; voice broadcast

目录
前言.............................................................................................................................................................4
1 研究背景与意义............................................................................................................................4
2 国内外研究现状............................................................................................................................4
3本设计研究内容.............................................................................................................................5
系统方案设计.............................................................................................................................................7
1 系统总体方案设计........................................................................................................................7
2 单片机技术....................................................................................................................................7
3 C语言技术.....................................................................................................................................8
系统硬件设计.............................................................................................................................................9
1 AT89C51单片机........................................................................................................................9
1.2 单片机最小系统设计.......................................................................................................11
2 按键输入电路设计......................................................................................................................11
3 箭头指示电路设计......................................................................................................................13
4 楼层显示电路设计......................................................................................................................14
4 驱动电路设计..............................................................................................................................14
5 语音播报电路设计......................................................................................................................16
6 报警电路设计..............................................................................................................................17
系统软件设计..........................................................................................................................................18
1 编程软件介绍..............................................................................................................................18
2 Keil工程文件建立.....................................................................................................................18
3 系统主程序设计..........................................................................................................................20
4 数码管显示模块程序设计..........................................................................................................22
5 按键程序设计..............................................................................................................................22
5 蜂鸣器报警程序设计..................................................................................................................23
5系统实物设计............................................................................................................................................24
1 实物设计......................................................................................................................................24
2  最小系统调试............................................................................................................................24
3  按键的调试................................................................................................................................24
4 数码管显示模块调试..................................................................................................................25
5 指示模块调试..............................................................................................................................25
6 步进电机模块调试......................................................................................................................26
7 整机调试......................................................................................................................................26
总结..............................................................................................................................................................28
参考文献:.....................................................................................................................................................29
致谢..............................................................................................................................................................30
附录A电路图...............................................................................................................................................31
附录B程序...................................................................................................................................................32
III

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摘要：

摘要科技的不断进步改变了人们的生活，随着科学技术的发展和时代的进步，越来越多的单片机技术和传感器的技术，应用到了人们的生产生活中。本系统是一种电梯控制系统的设计，本设计是以AT89C51单片机作为系统的核心，设计按键输入模块来输入楼层，利用数码管进行显示当前的楼层，同时通过12个LED组成箭头形状来实现对电梯上下的指示，通过步进电机的转动来模拟电梯的上下，另外通过语音模块来播报当前的楼层，起到提示作用。在安全性方面，本设计中，设计了一个独立按键，当用户乘坐电梯出现异常的时候，如果按下这个按键，就会发出蜂鸣器报警。通过该设计之后，系统具有较高的实用性和电梯设计参考意义。关键词：单片机；按键；数码...

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