2-外文文献翻译-犁式除雪车除雪装置设计

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设计 (论文)题目犁式除雪车除雪装置设计

作者所在系别机电工程学院

History Of The Snowblower

So who did invent the snowblower or snowthrower? We need to begin by qualifying that

question since there are a number of answers depending on your interest. Some notable firsts

would be:

●The first machine to clear snow by throwing or blowing it

●The first fully mobile snow clearing machine?

●The first domestic walk-behind snow blower

The latter is the one people generally think of and have the most interest in. It is also the

one that has the most elusive answer.

Chapter 1

So where did it all begin? Looking back in time we need to consider where would there be a

need to remove snow while having a source of power available? The need and the enabling

power were found on the railways of the U.S. snowbelt and in Canada. The earliest documented

art belongs to a Toronto dentist known as J/W Elliot. His 1869 patent #390 design was never

built.

The story next takes us to Orangeville Ontario, Canada where we find Orange Jull, a

gristmill operator and inventor. In 1884 he applied for a patent and was subsequently granted

patent #18506. Jull did not have the means to build and commercialize his invention so he

contracted the local Leslie brothers to build the machines.

The Jull/Leslie machines were self powered but not self propelled. A locomotive was used

to move the machine. The Jull design consisted of 2 large inline fans rotating in opposite

directions. The lead fan chewed into and pulverized the snow while blowing it back into the

discharge fan, which propelled it into the sky. Due to clogging problems it was simplified to a

single fan. Further changes to effectively control the discharge were made including a movable

deflector and pitching impeller blades. Production was moved to the Cook locomotive works in

several locations. Additional machines were built under license. Finally 5 machines were "home

built" by end users with the last one finished in 1971. In all 146 were built.

Later work consisted of fortifying the design to deal with the hazards of the unknown.

Tracks were often blocked with fallen trees and other debris that were concealed in the snow.

Legend has it that in one case a herd of cattle were trapped and buried under the snow on the rail

bed. As the rotary snowplow progressed forward beefsteaks were flying. They remained in

production into the 1950s and a few are still in service today. Many survive as museum pieces

with an occasional demonstration.

Following his collaboration with the Leslie Brothers Orange Jull went on to create a next

generation machine. This design utilized a screw auger to collect the snow. It was not as

effective, especially in deep snow and only eleven were ever built. Sadly all have been scrapped.

All of the available photos and drawings of these machines are on enthusiasts sites where

they are best viewed.. A Google search using Jull snowblower as keywords will deliver hours of

reading and nostalgia. On You-tube you may be able to find " The Return of Rotary #1 ". A

search for "rotary snowplow" found this video.

Chapter 2

Our next installment finds Arthur Sicard, circa 1894, an 18 year old working on the family

dairy farm in Saint-Leonard-de-Port-Maurice, Quebec. Snowstorms being frequent and dairy

products being perishable motivated him to find a better snow removal means.

Motivation found inspiration one day when he saw a new piece of farm machinery called

the thresher. If this machine could gather grain perhaps he could use the design to gather and

move snow. It wasn't long before he had built and tested his first prototype however it bogged

down in snow. His notion was dismissed by those around him and he went on unsupported in his

pursuit. He went on to make a life for himself in Montreal until finally in 1925, 31 years later he

astonished the people of that city with his "Sicard Snow Remover Snowblower". The first sale

was to the nearby town of Outremont, in 1927.

The Sicard name has been synonymous with large snowblowers ever since. My hometown

had a Sicard unit mounted to an old Michigan front end loader for several decades.

Chapter 3

The curious question then becomes when did the walk behind domestic snowblower

emerge? The Toro website makes the claim that Toro introduced the first snowthrower, the

Snowhound in 1951. Ariens entered snow moving the market in 1952 with an attachment for it's

Yardster series. The Ariens Sno-Thro series was launched in 1960. Simplicty followed in 1962.

The earliest confirmed Gilson dates back to 1966. Meanwhile dozens of others launched product

lines.This of course is in the context of domestic walk-behind units. If you have an early

machine I'd appreciate a picture and brief story. Of all of the archival material I have amassed

nothing points to an earlier machine. The 1951 Toro was not the driveway behemoth than many

of us use today as can be seen in the photo.

In my Vintage Machine Showcase you can get a sense of the diversity found in the early

machines and a search of patents will reveal even more radical designs.

Machines of modern proportions began to emerge in the 1960's. The small-scale brands

slowly disappeared and most were gone by the 1980s. The Gilson snow blower line launched in

1966. The full sized gear drives continued to evolve through the decade and with the introduction

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设计(论文)题目犁式除雪车除雪装置设计作者所在系别机电工程学院HistoryOfTheSnowblowerSowhodidinventthesnowblowerorsnowthrower?Weneedtobeginbyqualifyingthatquestionsincethereareanumberofanswersdependingonyourinterest.Somenotablefirstswouldbe:●Thefirstmachinetoclearsnowbythrowingorblowingit●Thefirstfullymobilesnowclearingmachine?●Th...

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