苹果分级传输机构的设计-原创机械毕业设计资料

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苹果分级传输机构的设计

摘要

随着社会消费水平的提高，消费者对苹果产品的内在质量也越来越重视。

商场按水果质量进行分类销售，已逐步形成一种潮流。目前国内对外销和内销

的苹果等级划分仍以原产地手工分级为主，效率低，劳动强度大。因此，研制

一款具有无损伤自动分级功能的苹果分选机是非常有实际意义的。苹果分选机

由苹果输送系统、分级执行系统、控制系统三大模块组成。传送系统由一级水

平传送带、第二级传送带向上倾斜，最后降落在三级传送带上。在此基础上，

利用智能称重仪对苹果进行称重，并利用 PLC 进行分级。该项目将机械、电子、

传感等技术相结合，并将其融入到分选机的设计思想中，使分选机达到了自动

化，从而使分选机的工作效率和品质得到了明显的改善。

关键词：苹果分级，输送机，传感器，电磁铁，PLC

Abstract

With the continuous improvement of social consumption level, people pay more

and more attention to the intrinsic quality of apple when buying apple. Shopping

malls according to the quality of fruit graded sales has gradually become a trend. At

present, Chinese export or domestic sales of apple classification screening generally

using artificial classification of origin, low efficiency, high strength. Therefore, this

paper designs an apple grader with lossless automatic grading function, which has a

very outstanding practical significance. The apple classifier designed in this paper

mainly includes three parts: the apple conveyor system, the grading executive system

and the control system. The conveyor system passes through the first level of

horizontal conveyor belt, the second level of upward sloping conveyor belt, and drops

to the pallet on the third stage of the conveyor chain. Then through the weighing

sensor to measure the weight of the apple, through the PLC control system to achieve

fruit grading. This topic is the organic combination of mechanical, electrical control,

sensor and other technologies, and its comprehensive application to the design

concept of Apple classifier, finally realized the automation of the classifier, improve

the efficiency and quality of Apple classification.

Keywords: Apple grading, conveyor, sensor, electromagnet, PLC

1
目录
摘要.................................................................................................................................I
Abstract..........................................................................................................................II
绪论.............................................................................................................................1
1 研究背景及意义..............................................................................................1
1.1 研究背景...............................................................................................1
1.2 研究意义...............................................................................................1
2 国内外研究现状..............................................................................................1
2.1 国外研究现状.......................................................................................1
2.2 国内发展状况.......................................................................................3
3 设计思路..........................................................................................................4
苹果分级系统总体设计.............................................................................................5
1 机械系统设计..................................................................................................5
1.1 输送系统...............................................................................................5
1.2 分拣执行系统.......................................................................................6
2 电气控制系统设计..........................................................................................7
3 小结..................................................................................................................7
机械系统的设计计算.................................................................................................8
1 输送系统的设计计算......................................................................................8
1.1 链式输送机的介绍...............................................................................8
1.2 链式输送机类型...................................................................................9
1.3 输送量...................................................................................................9
1.4 链式输送机的输送速度.......................................................................9
1.5 链式输送链选择计算要点.................................................................10
2 分级执行机构系统设计...............................................................................12
控制系统的设计.......................................................................................................14
1 控制系统中 PLC 的应用................................................................................14
1.1PLC 的特点...........................................................................................14
1.2PLC 的选择...........................................................................................15
1.3 梯形图的设计.....................................................................................15

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摘要：

I苹果分级传输机构的设计摘要随着社会消费水平的提高，消费者对苹果产品的内在质量也越来越重视。商场按水果质量进行分类销售，已逐步形成一种潮流。目前国内对外销和内销的苹果等级划分仍以原产地手工分级为主，效率低，劳动强度大。因此，研制一款具有无损伤自动分级功能的苹果分选机是非常有实际意义的。苹果分选机由苹果输送系统、分级执行系统、控制系统三大模块组成。传送系统由一级水平传送带、第二级传送带向上倾斜，最后降落在三级传送带上。在此基础上，利用智能称重仪对苹果进行称重，并利用PLC进行分级。该项目将机械、电子、传感等技术相结合，并将其融入到分选机的设计思想中，使分选机达到了自动化，从而使分选机的工作效率和...

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