重型自卸车设计(底盘设计)外文翻译
车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书
The English Instruction
Dump Truck
A dump truck or production truck is a truck used for transporting loose
material(such as sand,gravel or dirt)for construction.A typical dump truck
is equipped with a hydraulically operated open-box bed hinged at the
rear,the front of which can be lifted up to allow the contents to be
deposited on the ground behind the truck at the site of delivery.In the UK
the term applies to off-road construction plant only and the road vehicle
is known as a tipper.
A standard dump truck is a full truck chassis with a dump body mounted to
the frame.The dump body is raised by a hydraulic ram mounted forward of the
front bulkhead,between the truck cab(traction unit)and the dump body (semi-
trailer).The tailgate can be configured to swing on hinges or it can be
configured in the “High Lift Tailgate” format where in pneumatic rams
lift the gate open and up above the dump body.
A standard dump truck has one front axle and one or more rear axles which
typically have dual wheels on each side.Common configuration for a standard
dump truck include the six wheeler which has one rear axle,the ten wheeler
with two rear axles and the tri-axle with three rear axles.These are mainly
found in inner cities and in the Deep South.
The short wheelbase of a standard dump truck makes it more maneuverable
than the higher capacity semi-trailer dump trucks.
Off-road dump trucks more closely resemble heavy construction
equipment or engineering vehicles than they do highway dump trucks.They are
used strictly off-road for mining and heavy dirt hauling jobs.
The term ‘Dump’Truck is not generally used by the mining industry
or by the manufactures that build these machines.The more appropriate US
term for this strictly off road vehicle is ‘Haul’truck.The classification
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车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书
bottom and side for example,describing how the loaded material is
discharged once loaded.In the case of the Haul truck illustrated,a Liebherr
T 282B the load is discharged to the rear,designing this particular vehicle
as an end dump.Bottom dump normally describes a trailer that discharges its
load by opening two clam shell doors under the load space,in some examples
several trailers(road train)are pulled by one truck mainly these are on
road machines.The only remaining example of what is described as a unitized
bottom dump coal hauler is manufactured by Kress Corporation.This large
capacity truck is used for the transportation of coal from a loading device
directly to a power station or bulk storage area.
Many winter service vehicle units are based on dump trucks to allow
the placement of ballast to weigh the truck down or to hold salt for
spreading on the road.
A semi end dump is a tractor-trailer combination where in the trailer
itself contains the hydraulic hoist.A typical semi end dump has a 3-axle
tractor pulling a 2-axle semi-trailer.The key advantage of a semi end dump
is rapid unloading.A key disadvantage is that they are very unstable when
raised in the dumping position limiting their use in many applications
where the dumping location is uneven or off level.
Both the tractor and the automobile are complex self-propelled
machines consisting of separate interacting machanisms and units that can
be combined into certain groups.
The arrangement of the main component parts of the tractor is shown
in Fig.2.Irrespective of particular design features,all tractors consist of
engine,drive line,running gear,steering mechanism,working attachments and
auxiliary equipment.
The drive line comprise a set of mechanisms which transmit the torque
developed by the engine to the driving wheels or tracks and change the
driving torque both in magnitude and direction,The drive line includes the
cluth,flexible coupling,transmission and rear axle.
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车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书
The cluth serves to disconnect the engine shaft from the transmission
for a short period of time while the drivers is shifting gears and also to
connect smoothly the flow of power from the engine to the driving wheels or
tracks when starting the tractor from rest.
The flexible coupling incorporates elastic elements allowing connecting
the cluth shaft and the transmission drive shaft with a slight misalignment
The transmission makes it possible to change the tractor by engaging
different pairs of gears.With the direction of rotation of the engine shaft
remaining the same,the transmission enables the tractor to be put in
reverse.
The rear-axle mechanisms increase the driving torque and transmit it
to the driving wheel or tracks at right angles to the drive shaft.In most
tractors,the rear also comprises brakes.
In the wheeled tractor,as distinct from its crawler counterpart,the
drive line includes the differential which enzbles the wheels to revolve
with different speeds when making turns or running over ragged terrain at
which time the lefthand and righthand wheels must travel different distance
during one and the same time.
The steering mechanism serves to change the direction of movement of
the tractor by turing its front wheels of by varying the speed of one of
the tracks.
The working attachment of the tractor are used to utilize the useful
power of the tractor engine for various farm tasks.They include the power
take off shaft,drawbar,implement-attaching system and belt pulley.
The tractor auxiliaries include the driver’s cab with a spring-
mounted seat and heating and ventilation equipment,hood,lighting
equipment,tell tales horns etc.
The arrangement and purpose of the main component parts of the
automobile are in principle the same as those of the wheeled tractor.In the
automobile,the drive line,running gear,steering mechanism and brakeing
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车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书TheEnglishInstructionDumpTruckAdumptruckorproductiontruckisatruckusedfortransportingloosematerial(suchassand,gravelordirt)forconstruction.Atypicaldumptruckisequippedwithahydraulicallyoperatedopen-boxbedhingedattherear,thefrontofwhichcanbelifteduptoallowthecontentstobedepositedonthegr...
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作者：闻远设计
分类：课程设计课件资料
价格：10光币
属性：12 页
大小：59KB
格式：DOC
时间：2024-02-04
