动力输出轴--文献翻译
车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书
Power takeoff shaft
The power takeoff shaft usually called simply the power
takeoff ,provides a means to drive the machine that are being towed
by the tractor .the engine power of the tractor is being used not
only to pull or carry the machine ,but also to operate it .typical
exampled of machines that are power driven are
mowers .,balers ,combine.potato harvests ,and manure spreader .the
P T O p r o v i d e s a v e r y u s e f u l s o u r c e o f p o w e r . a n d t h e a l t e r n a t i v e
would be to fit an engine to each of these machine .this is ,of
course done where the power required to drive the machine may be
greater than the tractor can be supply. Generally most machines can
be powered by the tractor .
Power take off shaft are calssifily according to their location
of the tractor,type of the drive .rotation speed ,and method of
control .
Most tractor are equipped with a rear PTO.some of them have a
front PTO ,ROW-tractor use both a rear and a side PTO .
A S t o t h e t y p e o f d r i v e , p o w e r t a k e o f f s h a f t a r e c l a s s e d a s
transmission drive .live ,semi-independent ,and ground-speed
t y p e , t h e t r a n s m i s s i o n d r i v e P T O I S d r i v e n f r o m t h e t r a c t o r
transmission and so it will stop rotating whenever the engine
clutch is disengage .
T h e l i v e P T O i s d r i v e n f r o m t h e e n g i n e c r a n k s h a f t t h r o u g h t h e
clutch driving member irrespective of the position of the clutch
.the semi-independent PTO WILL continue to operate while the driver
is shifting gears , but is incapable of being engaged or disengaged
w h i l e t h e t r a c t o r i s m o v i n g . t h e g r o u n d - s p e e d P T O h a s i t s s p e e d
proportional to the ground speed of the tractor .such A PTO finds
application on row-crop tractors to operate machine .such as
mounted drills .whose working rate must be in synchronism with the
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车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书
ground speed of the tractor .
The power takeoff are standardized at 540 and 1000rpm (AT nominal
engine speed )the spined ends of PTO shaft of all tractor are of
one and same size and are arranged at one and the same level
relative to the tractor support surface .when the PTO Shaft is not
used ,its end is covered by a guard stamped from sheet steel.
Power takeoff shaft may be control by either mechanical or
hydraulic means
Live PTO shaft can be engage or disengage on the run by hydraulic
or complex mechanical means.
When the PTO is disengage , sun gear brake is released and planet
carrier is applied. In this case ,PTO shaft is held stationary and
the planet gear transmit rotation from the internal gear to the sun
gear .
W h e n t h e P T O i s e n g a g e d . s u n g e a r b r a k e i s a p p l i e d a n d p l a n e t
carrier is released. The planet gears now have to walk around the
sun gear .as the planet gears roll around the sun gear.they carry
t h e p l a n e t c a r r i e r a r o u n d w i t h t h e m . t h u s d r i v i n g t h e P T O s h a f t
which is rigidly connected the planer carrier.
When the PTO is not used the PTO control lever is placed into its
neutral (central) position. In this case.both the sun gear and the
planet carrier brakes are released.
T o o t h e d c l u t c h 1 i n s e r t e d i n t o t h e P T O d r i v i n g l i n e m a k e s i t
possible to have either independent or ground-speed power takeoff.
The clutch is operated by a control lever and can be placed into
three different positions. When the clutch is shifted all the way
forward (to the left .as shown in Fig.165a), drive shaft 9(see
Fig.164) of the PTO nit is connected to the transmission
main(output) shaft to obtain ground-speed power takeoff. If the
clutch is moved all the way backward (to the right .as shown in
Fig.165b). the drive shaft of the PTO unit will be connected to the
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车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书
engine crankshaft, and so power takeoff will be independent. With
t h e c l u t c h i n i t s n e u t r a l ( c e n t r a l ) p o s i t i o n . n o d r i v e i s
transmitted to the PTO unit.
To place the clutch into the “GROUND-SPEED PTO”position, one
should disengage the engine clutch, whereas placing it into the
“LIVE PTO”position required that the engine should be stopped.
THE HYDRAULICALLY CONTROLLED PTO UNIT (Fig.166) includes a
planetary gear set and a self-contained hydraulic system. The unit
is contained in a case that is attached to the rear axle housing of
the tractor.
T h e r e d u c t i o n g e a r s e t o f t h e P T O u n i t c o m p r i s e s d r i v e g e a r 3
carried on shaft 1 and driven gear 9 and hydraulic clutch 10 that
are mounted on PTO shaft 5. The shafts are supported by ball
bearings housed in bores in the PTO case. Drive gear shaft 1 is
driven from the engine crankshaft, and so the unit provides splined
to its shaft and is in constant mesh with a hub that is freely
supported by ball bearings on the PTO shaft.
T h e c o n n e c t i o n b e t w e e n t h e d r i v e n g e a r a n d t h e P T O s h a f t i s
effected by hydraulic clutch 10 similar to those described in
Section 11.4. The clutch comprises a series of driving and driven
discs accommodated in a drum that is splined to the PTO shaft. The
c l u t c h d r i v i n g d i s c s a r e m a d e o f s t e e l a n d e q u i p p e d w i t h c e r m e t
l i n i n g s . T h e s e d i s c s a r e s p l i n e d o n t o t h e d r i v e g e a r h u b . T h e
clutch driven discs of plain steel are arranged alternately between
the driving discs and are splined into the clutch drum. Inside the
clutch drum, there is annular space 12 that plays the part of a
hydraulic cylinder, into which fits piston 11. The piston is sealed
in the annular space of the clutch drum by a cast-iron ring on the
outside and a rubber ring on the inside and is loaded by a series
of springs 14.
To engage the clutch and hence the PTO shaft, oil is delivered
3
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车辆与动力工程学院毕业设计说明书PowertakeoffshaftThepowertakeoffshaftusuallycalledsimplythepowertakeoff,providesameanstodrivethemachinethatarebeingtowedbythetractor.theenginepowerofthetractorisbeingusednotonlytopullorcarrythemachine,butalsotooperateit.typicalexampledofmachinesthatarepowerdrivenaremowers.,balers,com...
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作者：闻远设计
分类：课程设计课件资料
价格：15光币
属性：14 页
大小：82KB
格式：DOC
时间：2023-09-29
